光電效應(ying)是物(wu)理(li)學中一個重(zhong)要而(er)神奇的(de)現象。在高于某特定頻率的(de)電磁波（該頻率稱為極限頻率threshold frequency）照射下，某些(xie)物(wu)質內部的(de)電子吸收能(neng)量(liang)后(hou)逸出而(er)形成電流(liu)，即(ji)光生電。
多晶硅經過(guo)鑄錠(ding)、破錠(ding)、切片(pian)等程序后，制(zhi)作成(cheng)(cheng)待(dai)加工的硅片(pian)。在(zai)硅片(pian)上摻(chan)雜和擴散微(wei)量的硼、磷等，就形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)P－N結(jie)。然后采用(yong)絲網(wang)印刷，將(jiang)(jiang)精配好的銀漿印在(zai)硅片(pian)上做成(cheng)(cheng)柵線，經過(guo)燒結(jie)，同(tong)時制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)背電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極，并在(zai)有柵線的面(mian)涂一層(ceng)防(fang)反射涂層(ceng)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池片(pian)就至此制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池片(pian)排列(lie)組合成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件(jian)，就組成(cheng)(cheng)了大的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板。一般在(zai)組件(jian)四(si)周(zhou)包鋁框(kuang)，正(zheng)面(mian)覆蓋玻璃，反面(mian)安(an)(an)裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極。有了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件(jian)和其他(ta)(ta)輔助設備，就可(ke)以組成(cheng)(cheng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統。為了將(jiang)(jiang)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)化交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，需要安(an)(an)裝電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流轉(zhuan)換(huan)器。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后可(ke)用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池存儲，也(ye)可(ke)輸(shu)入(ru)公共電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統成(cheng)(cheng)本中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件(jian)約占(zhan)50%，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流轉(zhuan)換(huan)器、安(an)(an)裝費(fei)、其他(ta)(ta)輔助部件(jian)以及其他(ta)(ta)費(fei)用(yong)占(zhan)另外 50%。
以上內容來自百科。
